Des millions de personnes aux États-Unis souffrent de diabète mais ne le savent pas.

Diabetes : Comment faire de la prospection sur Internet ?

The American Diabetes Association (1-800-DIABETES) estimates that more than 5 million Americans have type 2 DM without knowing it. Type 2 DM results partly from a decreased sensitivity of muscle cells to insulin-mediated glucose uptake and partly from a relative decrease in pancreatic insulin secretion. Patients with type 1 DM, unless they have had a pancreatic transplant, require insulin to live; intensive therapy with insulin to limit hyperglycemia (“tight control”) is more effective than conventional therapy in preventing the progression of serious microvascular complications such as kidney and retinal diseases. Type 1 DM is caused by autoimmune destruction of the insulin-secreting beta cells of the pancreas. Both types of diabetics also may be prescribed pramlintide (Symlin), a synthetic analog of human amylin, a hormone manufactured in the pancreatic beta cells. The patient is educated about diabetes, its possible complications and their management, and the importance of adherence to the prescribed therapy. Le traitement de l’ hypertension artérielle Hypertension artérielle et des taux élevés de cholestérol Dyslipidémie , qui peuvent induire des problèmes de circulation, peut également prévenir certaines complications du diabète. 463 millions de personnes vivent avec le diabète dans le monde. Une prédisposition génétique rend certaines personnes plus sensibles à un facteur environnemental.

Les scientifiques pensent qu’un facteur environnemental, probablement une infection virale, ou un facteur nutritionnel survenu au cours de l’enfance ou dans l’adolescence, conduit le système immunitaire à détruire des cellules productrices d’insuline du pancréas. La plupart des personnes atteintes de diabète de type 2 nécessitent des médicaments par voie orale pour diminuer la glycémie, mais certaines ont également besoin d’insuline ou d’autres médicaments injectables. Some patients with type 2 DM can control their disease with a calorically restricted diet (for instance 1600 to 1800 cal/day), regular aerobic exercise, and weight loss. Most of these amputations are preventable with regular foot care and examinations. DM types 1 and 2 are both treated with specialized diets, regular exercise, intensive foot and eye care, and medications. All injuries, cuts, and blisters should be treated promptly. Agents with evidence demonstrating the ability to not only lower glucose levels but also reduce the longer-term risk of microvascular and/or CV complications should be prioritized. Tight glucose control can reduce the patient’s risk of many of the complications of the disease. Diabetes is a chronic disease whose symptoms can be ameliorated and life prolonged by proper therapy.

Some negative aspects of intensive therapy include a three times more frequent occurrence of severe hypoglycemia, weight gain, and an adverse effect on serum lipid levels, i.e., a metformin sans ordonnance ordre rise in total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, and triglycerides and a fall in HDL cholesterol. Intensive therapy consists of three or more doses of insulin injected or administered by infusion pump daily, with frequent self-monitoring of blood glucose levels as well as frequent changes in therapy as a result of contacts with health care professionals. See: insulin pump for illus. Patients with DM often also sustain infected ulcerations of the feet, which may result in osteomyelitis and the need for amputation. Many amputees have a second amputation within five years. Type 2 DM is often asymptomatic in its early years. When a patient with type 1 DM loses metabolic control (such as during infections or periods of noncompliance with therapy), symptoms of diabetic ketoacidosis occur. Participation in an intensive therapy program requires a motivated patient, but it can dramatically reduce eye, nerve, and renal complications compared to conventional therapy.

La section “BD Diabetes Learning Center” énonce des facteurs probables du diabète, ses symptômes et des complications possibles comme la rétinopathie et la neuropathie. Chronic complications of hyperglycemia include retinopathy and blindness, peripheral and autonomic neuropathies, glomerulosclerosis of the kidneys (with proteinuria, nephrotic syndrome, or end-stage renal failure), coronary and peripheral vascular disease, and reduced resistance to infections. The isolation and eventual production of insulin in 1922 by Canadian physicians F. G. Banting and C. H. Best made it possible to allow people with the disease to lead normal lives. Il est possible de paramétrer les alarmes du CGM si les niveaux glycémiques sont trop faibles ou trop élevés ; ainsi, ce dispositif peut aider les personnes à prendre connaissance rapidement de fluctuations inquiétantes de leur glycémie. Cependant, les progrès technologiques récents ont amélioré les CGM et devraient permettre de continuer à les améliorer à l’avenir. Type 1 DM usually presents as an acute illness with dehydration and often diabetic ketoacidosis. It enhances postprandial glucose control by slowing gastric emptying, decreasing postprandial glucagon concentrations, and regulating appetite and food intake; thus pramlintide is helpful for patients who do not achieve optimal glucose control with insulin and/or oral antidiabetic agents. In addition, patients with hyperglycemia often have blurred vision, increased food consumption (polyphagia), and generalized weakness.

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